Cp shows potential capability, Cpk shows what you actually make. The gap reveals off-centering you can fix for free, with a worked example and verdict.
Sample size for process capability studies: the Cpk confidence interval formula, AIAG/ISO/Bosch standards, and worked numbers from n=30 to n=200.
7 histogram patterns with spec limits and what they mean for process capability: centered, wide, off-center, bimodal, truncated, skewed, non-normal.
Comparison of Cpk and Ppk process capability indices with worked example, formulas, and a decision table for which index to report in PPAP submissions, customer audits, and ongoing SPC monitoring. Includes diagnostic use of the Cpk-Ppk gap.
Step-by-step worked example for building an X-bar and R control chart from CNC manufacturing data. Includes A2, D3, D4 constants for n=5, control limit formulas, pattern rule application, and Cpk calculation.